III.Kupanga ndi kupanga makapu a mapepala
Monga chidebe chotayira, makapu amapepala ayenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri pakupanga ndi kupanga.Monga mphamvu, kapangidwe, mphamvu, ndi ukhondo.Zotsatirazi zidzapereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha ndondomeko ya mapangidwe ndi kupanga makapu a mapepala.
A. Kupanga mfundo za makapu a mapepala
1. Mphamvu.Mphamvu ya kapu ya pepalazimatsimikiziridwa potengera zosowa zenizeni.Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo 110 ml, 280 ml, 420 ml, 520 ml, 660 ml, ndi zina zotero.Mwachitsanzo, zakumwa za tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zofulumira.
2. Kapangidwe.Kapangidwe ka kapu ya pepala makamaka imakhala ndi thupi la chikho ndi pansi pa chikho.Thupi la chikho nthawi zambiri limapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a cylindrical.Pamwambapa pali m'mphepete kuti chakumwa chisefukire.Pansi pa chikhocho pamafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zinazake.Izi zimathandiza kuti zithandizire kulemera kwa chikho chonse cha pepala ndikusunga malo okhazikika.
3. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa makapu a mapepala.Zinthu zamkati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makapu amapepala zimafunika kukhala ndi kukana kutentha.Amatha kupirira kutentha kwa zakumwa zotentha.Pogwiritsa ntchito makapu otentha kwambiri, chophimba kapena choyikapo nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeredwa ku khoma lamkati la kapu ya pepala.Izi zitha kukulitsa kukana kutentha komanso kukana kutayikira kwa kapu ya pepala.
B. Njira yopangira makapu a mapepala
1. Kukonzekera zamkati.Choyamba, sakanizani zamkati zamatabwa kapena zamkati ndi madzi kuti mupange zamkati.Kenako ulusiwo uyenera kusefedwa kudzera mu sieve kuti ukhale wonyowa.Zamkati zonyowa zimapanikizidwa ndikuchotsedwa kuti zikhale zonyowa makatoni.
2. Cup thupi akamaumba.Katoni yonyowa imakulungidwa kukhala pepala kudzera pamakina obwezeretsanso.Kenako, makina odulira amadula mpukutuwo m'zidutswa zamapepala zoyenerera, zomwe ndi chitsanzo cha kapu ya pepala.Kenako pepalalo lidzakulungidwa kapena kukhomeredwa mu mawonekedwe a cylindrical, omwe amadziwika kuti thupi la chikho.
3. Cup pansi kupanga.Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopangira makapu pansi.Njira imodzi ndiyo kukanikizira pepala lochirikiza mkati ndi lakunja kuti likhale lopindika ndi lopindika.Kenako, kanikizani mapepala awiri ochirikiza pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira.Izi zipanga kapu yolimba pansi.Njira ina ndikudula pepala loyambira kukhala lozungulira la kukula koyenera kudzera mu makina odulira kufa.Ndiye pepala lothandizira limamangirizidwa ku thupi la chikho.
4. Kuyika ndi kuyendera.Kapu yamapepala yomwe imapangidwa kudzera munjira yomwe ili pamwambapa ikuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuyikamo.Kuwunika kowoneka ndi kuyesa kwina kwa magwiridwe antchito nthawi zambiri kumachitika.Monga kukana kutentha, kuyesa kukana madzi, etc. Makapu oyenerera amapepala amayeretsedwa ndikuyikidwa kuti asungidwe ndi kunyamula.
